Antibiotics are the elective drugs in bovine mastitis (BM) treatment, despite their low\nrates of efficiency and effectiveness and increasing risk of pathogen resistance. In this sense, it\nis urgent to discover new and effective antimicrobial agents to apply in BM control and even\ntreatment. Plant extracts have been widely recognized as a rich source of phytochemicals with\nantimicrobial potential. Thus, the present work aims to compare the bioactivity of Eucalyptus globulus\nand Juglans regia extracts against Staphylococcus aureus bovine mastitis strains with penicillin G. At\nnon-toxic concentrations, E. globulus exerted a bacteriostatic effect in planktonic cells and J. regia had\nno antimicrobial activity. Penicillin G, at minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC), demonstrated\nbactericidal activity, but just for S. aureus 3, 5, 6 and ATCC 25923, while the other strains seem to have\nacquired resistance. On the other hand, E. globulus and penicillin G in combination demonstrated\nsynergy, being the most effective approach against S. aureus 1, 2 and 4. Thus, penicillin alone\nand in combination with E. globulus or J. regia seems to be promissory strategies to control bovine\nmastitis infections.
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